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By Dr Gerard Ee Introduction GLP-1 medications have become one of the most discussed areas in modern medicine. In Singapore and around the world, many patients now search for terms such as GLP 1 for weight loss, Ozempic Singapore, Wegovy Singapore and Mounjaro Singapore because these medicines are strongly associated with diabetes care, appetite control and medically supervised weight management. But in recent years, another question has become increasingly important: could GLP 1 for Alzheimer’s Disease become a future treatment direction? Alzheimer’s disease remains one of the most challenging conditions in healthcare. Dementia affected around 57 million people worldwide in

Reviewed by Dr Gerard Ee — a Singapore physician with a special interest in orthopaedics and knee pain, and co‑author of peer‑reviewed knee surgery research including work in The Knee on computer‑navigation for joint‑line measurement in total knee arthroplasty.   Knee injections are a non‑surgical way to reduce pain and improve function when osteoarthritis or overuse has made daily life difficult. The main options in Singapore are hyaluronic acid (HA) “gel” injections, corticosteroid injections, and platelet‑rich plasma (PRP) injections. Each works differently, has a different onset and duration, and suits different patient profiles. Evidence‑based care means matching the right injection

Introduction If you are searching for PRP knee injection Singapore because knee osteoarthritis is making mornings stiff, stairs painful and squatting difficult, you are not alone. Many people in Singapore are comparing platelet‑rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid (“knee gel”), and combination PRP + HA to reduce pain, improve function, and delay surgery. This long‑form guide explains, in plain language, what a PRP knee injection is, how it compares with hyaluronic acid knee injection, why a combined approach is sometimes chosen, how many injections are typically required, how long results last, whether the treatment is safe, what the typical out‑of‑pocket costs

By Dr Gerard E.E., MBBS, MRCS, DP Dermatology — aesthetic dermatologist with a special interest in longevity medicine, sports medicine and orthopaedics; published under “Gerard EE” on PubMed. Introduction If knee pain is boxing you into shorter walks, fewer stairs and cancelled plans, a targeted injection into the joint can be a fast, clinic based way to break that cycle without surgery. In my Singapore practice I offer corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid (“gel shots”), platelet rich plasma (PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC). Used thoughtfully, these treatments create breathing room from pain so you can return to the rehabilitation that builds durable

The pathophysiology of eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a complex and multifactorial process involving genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of: Genetic Predisposition: There is a strong genetic component to eczema. Individuals with a family history of eczema or other atopic diseases (such as asthma and hay fever) are more likely to develop eczema. Skin Barrier Dysfunction: People with eczema often have an impaired skin barrier, which leads to increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and dry, sensitive skin. The weakened skin

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a treatment option for allergic rhinitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages due to an allergic reaction to certain allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. SLIT involves placing allergenic extracts under the tongue, where they are absorbed by the oral mucosa, leading to desensitization of the immune system to specific allergens.   Here's a step-by-step overview of how SLIT is typically used to treat allergic rhinitis: Diagnosis: First, an allergist or immunologist evaluates the patient's symptoms, medical history, and performs allergy testing to identify the specific allergens triggering the allergic

Hyperhidrosis is a condition characterized by excessive sweating, which can occur in any part of the body, but most commonly affects the underarms, palms, and soles of the feet. The exact cause of hyperhidrosis is not well understood, but it is thought to be related to overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, which controls the sweat glands. The sympathetic nervous system is activated during times of stress or emotional arousal, leading to an increase in sweat production. In individuals with hyperhidrosis, the sympathetic nervous system is excessively active even during times of normal activity or rest, resulting in excessive sweating.

Calcipotriol, also known as calcipotriene, is a synthetic vitamin D analog used in the treatment of various skin disorders. It has a chemical structure similar to that of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which is the active form of vitamin D3 in the body. Calcipotriol was first introduced in 1991 and has since become an important drug in dermatology. Mechanism of action: Calcipotriol exerts its therapeutic effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the surface of target cells. This complex then translocates to the nucleus, where it regulates the expression of various genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and immune

Cafe au lait spots are light brown or tan-colored macules that can be found on the skin of some individuals. They are relatively common and can be seen in many different populations. While they are generally considered to be harmless, they can sometimes cause cosmetic concern, especially if they are located in visible areas such as the face or arms. In this article, we will discuss the pathophysiology of cafe au lait spots and various management options, including Pico laser therapy.   Pathophysiology of cafe au lait spots The pathophysiology of cafe au lait spots is not fully understood. They

Angiokeratomas of Fordyce are benign, benign vascular tumors that typically appear on the scrotum, shaft of the penis, labia majora, or oral mucosa in adults. They are caused by dilated blood vessels in the upper dermis, and are characterized by red to purple papules that vary in size from 1-3mm. They may appear alone or in clusters, and can have a smooth or scaly surface. Patients with Angiokeratomas of Fordyce may not have any symptoms, but some may experience itching or discomfort. They are not associated with any underlying systemic diseases and are not malignant. Management options for angiokeratomas of